Atomic Pioneers ----- From Ancient Greece to the 19th Century

Chapter - 9 
COPERNICUS 


Copernicus (co-pur-ni-kus), whose real name was Nicolaus Koppernigh, was the first great scientist in the revolution of ideas of the Renaissance* (wern-a-sawn'ce). He was born in Torun, Polan, on February 17, 1473, and died in Frombork, Poland, on May 24, 1543.




 Biographical Details 

Copernicus came from a noble family. His uncle was a prince-bishop who helped him acquire a fine education. As a youth, he studied mathematics and painting at Cracow, the intellectual capital of Poland.
In 1496, when Copernicus was 23, he traveled to Italy, where he spent 10 years studying medicine, law, and astronomy.
In Italy, he Latinized his name and began to work out the details for what we now call the Copernicus theory of the universe. He returned to Poland in 1505 and served as canon, physician, and official.  He postponed publication of a book explaining his theories until shortly before his death in 1543, perhaps because he feared he would be punished for his heretical views.

 Scientific Achievements 

Although Copernicus had studied mathematics, he found he could not easily calculate the positions of the planets when he followed the prevailing belief that all heavenly bodies revolved around the earth. 
He suggested that the earth, instead revolved around the sun, and he worked out a mathematical system to demonstrate how the positions of planets and stars could be calculated on the basis.


Contribution of Atomics Science 

Copernicus helped start the scientific revolution that has continued to the present day. He did this chiefly by turning to mathematics to discover new truths about the universe. 
Later atomic scientists showed the importance of mathematics in explaining the world of the atom, similar to the way in which Copernicus uses mathematical formulas to explain the solar system. Atomic weight, atomic number, the quantum theory, and even Einstein's famous formula  E=mc2, are all Mathematical ways of explaining the world. 

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